ashley



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1.. H. M. ASHLEY. MAGHINBRY POB. MAKING GLASS BOTTLES, &o.

No. 403,718. Patented May 21 1889.

WLM/wow@ N4 PETERS. Phumumugnpher. wnahingwn. D. C.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

H. M. ASHLEY.

MACHINERY POR MAKING- GLASS BOTTLES, Aw. No. 403,718. Patented May 21 1889.

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N. PETERS, Pnaxuilwgmphgr. waenmglm D. C.

UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE.

HOVARD M. ASHLEY, OF FERRYBRIDGE, COUNTv OF YORK, ENGLAND.

MACHINERY FOR MAKING GLASS BOTTLES, 84.0.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 408,718, dated May 21,. 1889.

Application filed January 22, 1889. Serial No. 297,189. (No model.)

T0 all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HOWARD MATRAvnRs ASHLEY, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain and Ireland', and a resident of Ferrybridge, in the county of York, England, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machinery for Making Bottles and other like Hollow Glassware, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is additional to a series of improvements in processes and apparatus for making bottles and like hollow glassware by machinery, which l have set forth in previous specifications, forming part of an application for United States Letters Patent filed September 6, 1887, Serial No. 250,767, and divisions thereof, an application, Serial No. 290,512, filed November 10, 1888, and, more particularly, an application, Serial No. 292,7 66, filed December 5, 1888. The following description and claims are intended to be read in connection with the latter.

The present invention consists in certain novel combinations of parts, hereinafter set forth and claimed, all of which are adapted to be and are preferably embodied in a repeating-machine, such as is set forth in my specification forming part of said application Serial No. 292,766.

The distinctive objects of the present invention are to shape the bodies of bottles and the like, or to nish the articles with greater uniformity of internal gaseous pressure and with less first cost and reduced running expenses as regards the means for inflating or expandingthe glass within the shapingmold.

This invention relates exclusively to the construction or organization of a peculiar finishing mechanism that operates by the eX- haustion of the air from around a shaping-mold within which a hollow parison is suspended, and to the adaptation of the parison-forming initial mechanisms to coact with such exhaust finishing mechanism.

Two sheets of drawings accompany this specification as part thereof.

Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings represent sectional elevations of said exhaust finishing mechanism and corresponding through a coacting initial mechanism, illustrating their construction and operation as sections parts of a bottle-making machine. Fig. 3 represents a plan of the parts below the line 3 3, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 represents a top view of a peculiar pipe-coupling shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and Fig. 5 represents an inverted plan of the head mold or collar shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures of said drawings and those of the drawingsforming part of said application, Serial No. 292,766, so far as like parts are shown.

A distinguishing feature of my said repeating-machine is a series of initial mechanisms, one of which is represented at A in Figs. 1 and 2, revolving in a horizontal plane and coacting successively with a finishing mechanism, Z, that is stationary or iixed in relation to them. Said initial mechanisms are conveniently carried by a horizontal disk or frame, E, which revolves beneath a relatively Y stationary top disk, L, and above a fixed base, l, carrying parts which coact therewith.

' Each initial mechanism comprises a horizontal spindle, s, which determines its axis of rotation, bearings b b2 therefor bolted to the disk or frame E, and a non-rotary disk, d, which is conveniently cast in one part with said bearing b; also, a nozzle, n, a two-part head mold or collar, c, a two-part parisonmold, m, and a vertical punch, p, that is axial relatively to said nozzle-collar and parisonmold, and is guided by the former; also, an

inverting-frame, t', lateral slides s Scarried bythe latter and attached to the parts of said collar c and said mold m, respectively, and suitable devices whereby said slides s2 are actuated by said disk CZ and said slides s are actuated by an opening-path projecting from said disk L at the delivering side of the machine, also, a frictional wheel, w, or the like, keyed on said spindle S between said bearings b b2 and actuated successivel f b f.

turning-paths on the bottom of said disk L, to invert and revert said frame t' and the parts carried thereby; also, locking-notches l Z2, or the like, which are conveniently formed in the periphery of said wheel r'u'to coact with a detent, d', carried by said disk or frame E at cach initial mechanism, and engaged by unlocking-paths on the bottom of said disk L immediately preceding said turning-paths.

Parts above referred to and other accesso- IOO ries which are not shown in the drawings forming part of this specification are shown and more fully described in the drawings and speciication of said application, Serial No. 292,766, and form no part of the present invention.

The punch 1J, for the purposes ot' the present invention, is conveniently constructed with an air-passage extending from a contracted outlet opening in its face to and through the outer end or terminal, t', of the punch, as shown in '1. and 2. Otherwise the initial mechanism and the remainder of the machine, excepting only the finishing mechanism, may be free trom air-passages. A great saving in first cost and in repairs may thus be effected. The T-piece t of the inverting-frame is conveniently made hollow to adapt it to coact with an inclosed stop-collar, c', on the punch, for limiting the retraction of the latter after its projection into the parison-mold, and to lighten the inverting-frame, and a stuffing-box, u2, on said T-piece is retained as a frictional guide for the punch, whereby it is kept from dropping iu its position represented in Figs. l and 2. A light spiral spring reacting against said terminal t may take the place ot' the stuTing-box, if desired, or change its functions to those of a frictionless gland. The collar c is also peculiarly constructed for the purposes of the present invention-that is to say, its parts are provided with corresponding equal segments of a horizontal true-plate, t3, Figs. 1, 2, and 5.

In the complete machine there are preferably four stopping-points for the initial m echanisms, as regards their revolution-namely, a casting-point, where the parison is cast in inverted position, and on leaving which it is punched, reverted, stripped of the mold m, and vpaddled to regulate its elongation; a finishing-point, a delivering-poin t, where the collar c is opened to release the finished bottle, and an inverting-point, at which the inverting of the frame t' and the parts attached thereto from the position in which they are shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is begun, so that at the casting-point each initial mechanism is locked by its detent d with the punch p at bottom and the open end of the parisonmold m at top.

As each initial mechanism approaches a stopping-point the revolving motion is suitably controlled by a brake, h3, having a handle within convenient reach of the operator above the disk L, in which it is-pivoted, and a lever-arm within the recess ot' the disk or frame E.

The rim of the latteris provided internally with stops s at the respective initial mechanisms, and said lever-arm is provided with a terminal detent-cog to coact with such stops in succession.l The revolvingmotionis thereby temporarily arrested when each initial mechanism reaches the finishing-point. The initial mechanism here stands in the position illustrated by Figs. i. and 2, directly above the finishing mechanism Z. This finishing mechanism, as represented by Figs. 1 to 4, inclusive, comprises a coupling, c4, convenient-ly located within the base I at the finishingpoint, with a vacuum-pipap, leading thereto from an air-pump or other suitable exhausting apparatus. A plug, qi, occupies an alternative neck of said coupling, so that by simply transposing the plug and pipe the latter ma'y be carried downthe central pillar of the machine and thence to the coupling, if preferred. To the top of said coupling c4 a vertical pipe, 138, is swiveled, with a washer of anti-friction bronze between its fast collar and the lower surface of the ioor of the base, and a leather gasket beneath it. The swiveljoint is tightened by bolts, which draw t-he coupling upward toward the ioorof the base. Above said floor the pipe p8 is inclosed within a hollow pillar, h3, provided with a drilled bushing, h3, near its lower end, and with an axial bore in its top, through which said pipe p8 extends to a rigid air-tight elbow-coupling, c5, which connects thereto a bent pipe, p". The latter extends horizontally to the circle described by the reverted parisons as they han g from the collars c, and there extends vertically in a line with which the axes of the collars successively coincide at said finishing-point. A vertical guide-rod, r4, is erected upon said coupling c5, and a cushioning-ring, T5, of elastic vulcanite, leather, or the like, is interposed between a lower collar ofA said coupling and the top of the pillar h3. The sides of a shaping-mold, m2, divided like said parison-mold m, are connected by laterally-swinging arms a2, having stop-hinges at their lower ends, to the stem b4 of its bottom, which stem is cruciform, for example, in cross-section, so as to slide within the bore of the pipe p9 without materially obstructing it. The mold m2 is thus supported by said pipe p9 in vertical position. Itis elevated to the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, and simultaneously closed by a vertically-moving vacuum-bell, t, which is provided internally with springs e, that engage with the backs of said arms a2 and render the closure to a sufficient extent elastic. The true-plate 753, formed on the collar c and correspondingly divided, as aforesaid, coacts with the top of theA bell to render it suiiiciently air-tight. A stuffing-box, u?, at the bottom of the bell renders its sliding junction with the pipe p air-tight. The bell r is carried by a rigid arm, a3, overlying the horizontai. portion of the pipe p, terminating in the base of said stu tiing-box u at one end` and guided by said rod r* at its other end. A

gland, g, ot anti -friction bronze, made tastv within a socket on said arm ai, embraces said rod r4, and is provided with a spline which occupies a longitudinal groove in the rod to resist torsional strains.

In erecting and aligning the finishing mechanism the arm a3 and the pipe p, together with the parts which they carry, may be turned together on the axis of the vertical pipe p without strain, owingV to said swivel- IOO IIO

connection between said pipe ps and the couping c4; or the latter may be turned to align it with the pipe p7, and provision may be made for adjusting the whole mechanism, eX- cept its foot-lever, radially or toward or away from the center of revolution by a slot at s in the floor of the base I. After alignment, the only movements of the finishing` mechanism proper are the vertical movements of said arm a3 and the parts carried upward thereby. These portions of the finishing mechanism are raised and lowered by a foot-lever, f, and connection cG between the same and the splined end of the arm fr". To facilitate their elevation, the heavy vacuum-bell if is Wholly or in part counterbalaneed by a Weight, 102, suitably connected therewith, as by a forked lever, f2, having a central fulcrum at the upper end of a rigid arm, C01, which springs from the pillar h3 and coupled at its forked end to the ring which incloses the gland g of said arm CL3.

The operation of said finishing mechanism Z is as follows: The initial mechanism A havin reached the iinishine- )oint and being' D C D there held in position by the brake and detent b3, with a parison depending from its collar c and ready for the shaping-mold m2, the operator depresses the foot-lever f and thereby elevates the vacuum-bell yv and the mold m2, the latter in the condition represented in Fig. 2, until the neck end of the mold strikes the face of the true-plate 253. During this first part of the movement of the bell the mold is carried largely upon the springs e. As its movement continues, the resistance of the springs is overcome and the inclines formed by the flaring upper end of the bell, acting, together with the springs, upon the arms a2, close the mold, so that its neck embraces the depending ring of the collar c and becomes coupled thereto. Finally, the springs acting alone hold the sides of the closed mold together and the upper edge of the bell closes sufficientlyair-tight against its seat, which may preferably be sunk into the face of the true-plate, as shown. The parts now appear as represented in Fig. l.. The closed bell being in communication. with the vacuum-pipe p7 through thepipes pg and y, a partial vacuum is immediately created therein and in the mold m2 inclosed thereby, thus expanding the parison against the side walls and bottom of the mold, seas to ti nish the bottle, its head having been [formed by casting aud punching in the act of making the parison. 'lhe bell z' is then lowered, and when the springs c pass below the straight portions of the arms c? the mold drops open by gravity. The bell and mold are then lowered together to their normal position of rest represented in Fig. 2, so as to clear the `finished bottle and the slides s?, which carry the parts of the parison-mold.

In the operation ot' so expanding the bottle by exhausting the air from around the parison and during the retraction of the puni-hp after the preliminary parison-forming operation, the air which iiows through the punch into the interior of the parison under atmospheric pressure is advantageously heated by contact with the hot metal, so as not to chill the glass. As soon as the bell 'e is fully lowered, the brake b3 is pushed back and the revolving motion of the initial mechanisms is resumed, which carries the bottle by its head to the delivering-point, where it is released by opening the collar c, as aforesaid, having become sufficiently rigid in transit.

Vith the finishing mechanism Z constructed as represented in Fig. l and by full lines in Fig. 2 the vacuum apparatus may create a pulsating exhaust, the sound of which would enable the opera-tor to correspondingly time the elevation of the bell fr.

Alternatively the pipe p7 (or the pipe p8) may be provided with a suitable valve, as 1:2, operated by a eonveniently-located handlever, h5, through suitable connections, c7, as represented by dotted outlines in Fig. 2.

I have shown and described my present improvement as embodied in a repeating-machine. Itmay also be embodied in part in a single machine such as is set forth in my previous specification forming part of said application, Serial No. 290,512, and for making large-mouthed bottles or jars and the like the duplex punch described in the latter would be preferred. Other like modifications will suggest themselves to skilled machinists, and I do not limit my respective claims, hereinafter stated, to mechanical details, except as therein expressly set forth.

I disclaim, as forming no part of my present invention, all parts, combinations, and processes hereinbefore incidentally specified or mentioned that are described and shown in my aforesaid previous specifications and drawings.

Having thus described and defined my present improvement, I claim as my invention and desire to patent under this specificationl. In a machine for making bottles and other like hollow glassware, the combination, with a vertically-sliding vacuum-bell, and a divided collar adapted to suspend a hollow parison by its head, and provided with a correspondingly-divided true-plate opposed to the upper end of said bell, of a shaping-mold within said bell, comprising a bottom having a longitudinally-movable stem, and laterallyswinging sides carried by arms which are hinged to said stem, substantially as hereinbefore specified.

2. In combination with a collar adapted to suspend a hollow parison by its head and provided with a horizontal true-plate, a selfopening shaping-mold ttedto said collar at its neck end and comprising abottom having a longitudinally-movablc stem and laterallyswinging sides carried by arms which are hinged to said stem, and a vertically-sliding vacuum-bell, to close and inclose said mold, having internal springs and inclines which IOO IIO

coact with said arms, substantially as hereinbefore specified.

3. The combination of an initial mechanism for making hollow parisons in inverted position, reverting them and suspending them by their heads in succession, which travels in a longitudinal plane and comprises an invertible parison-mold and head-mold or collar, the latter provided with a true-plate, and a relatively stationary finishing mechanism which comprises a vertically-movable shaping-mold which is normally open and lowered zo inbefore specied, of the vacuum-pipe p7, the

swivel-coupling c4, the` vertical pipe p8, the elbow-coupling c5, the bent pipe p9, and the vacuum-bell v, the latter having a stuffingboX fitted to the vertical end of said pipe p9, whereby provision is made for adjusting and working the bell without straining the airtight joints.

5. The combination, with the verticallymovable vacuum-bell 1; and relatively stationary vacuum-pipe p, of the arm as, having the stufling-box of the bell at one end and an anti-friction gland at its other end, the guiderod frA, foot-lever f, counterbalance-weight 102, and suitable connections between said arm and said lever and weight, respectively, substantially as hereinbefore specified.

H. M. ASHLEY.

Witnesses:

ROBT. F. DRURY, B. EDwD. DRURY. 

